随着试管婴儿技术的快速发展，越来越多的人开始关心如何利用现代科学技术来优生优育，希望不仅从遗传学角度来优化基因，让自己的孩子更加健康，也可以从性别的角度来优化家庭孩子的性别配比，并让自己的家庭幸福指数提高。
下面让孕美小编和大家分享，在美国试管婴儿技术中被普遍使用的两项技术：PGD和PGS，希望对您来有所帮助。
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD)
胚胎植入前遗传学诊断
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) involves screening single cells from embryos for genetic diseases and chromosomal disorders. This testing is performed with in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and occurs prior to embryo transfer, before a pregnancy is established. PGD offers at-risk couples the opportunity to select embryos for transfer based on their genetic and chromosomal status. The goal of PGD is to identify abnormal embryos so they will not be transferred, leaving unaffected embryos to be selected for transfer that are more likely to make healthy, disease-free babies.
PGD can identify the presence of chromosomal translocations (rearrangements of parts of chromosomes) and single-gene disorders (genetic diseases that are the result of a single mutated gene). There are over 4,000 single-gene disorders. The most common diseases tested for are Cystic Fibrosis, Tay Sachs, Fragile X, Myotonic Dystrophy and Thalassemia.
PGD[胚胎植入前遗传学诊断]的主要过程包括从胚胎中吸取单个细胞用于检测遗传病和染色体异常。这项测试配合体外受精，对具有遗传风险患者的胚胎进行种植前活检和遗传学分析，从而有机会选择无遗传学病的胚胎植入宫腔。PGD[胚胎植入前遗传学诊断]旨在阻止异常胚胎的种植，可以有效地防止有遗传病患儿的出生。PGD[胚胎植入前遗传学诊断]能够识别染色体异位(部分染色体的重组)和单个基因紊乱（单个基因变异引起遗传病）。单个基因病的种类多达4,000项。常见的遗传病包括：囊性纤维化、Tay Sachs 病(一种与神经鞘脂代谢相关的隐性常染色体遗传病)、脆性X综合征、肌强直性营养不良、珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血。
PGD technology can also be used to determine the sex of the embryo prior to the transfer into the uterus. Sex selection is offered to couples interested in family balancing who already have at least one child.
此外，PGD[胚胎植入前遗传学诊断]能够在胚胎植入子宫前鉴别胎儿性别。性别测定可以帮助父母更好的选择胎儿的性别，从而平衡家庭成员的性别。
What is Preimplantation Genetic Screening (PGS)?
什么是胚胎植入前遗传学筛查？
For those people with recurrent pregnancy loss or infertility, PGS applies the technology from PGD to improve their chances for a successful pregnancy. Embryos are screened for aneuploidy (missing or additional numbers of chromosomes), which is a leading cause of miscarriage and implantation failure (failure of the embryo to implant into the uterus). The goal of PGS is to identify chromosomally abnormal embryos, so they will not be transferred leaving the chromosomally normal embryos to be transferred in the attempt to achieve a successful pregnancy.
PGS[胚胎植入前遗传学筛查]为反复流产和不孕的患者提供了增加受孕成功率的检测方法。它能够检测胚胎的非整数倍性（缺少或多出染色体），导致流产和植入宫腔失败的主要原因。PGS[胚胎植入前遗传学筛查]能够检测染色体异常的胚胎，阻住它们被植入子宫，从而增加受孕成功率。
预知更多详情，请来电咨询孕美海外生殖中.心 400-017-3998。
